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In the Southern Ocean, a chain of islands forming part of the Scotia Arc. Volcanic islands, with some active volcanoes. Extreme weather conditions, including high winds and unpredictable storms. No permanent human settlements. South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands Maritime…
The Kamchatka Peninsula, the Commander Islands, and Karaginsky Island constitute Kamchatka Krai of the Russian Federation. The majority of the 322,079 inhabitants are ethnic Russians, with about 13,000 being Koryaks (2014). More than half of the population lives in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky…
Santa Cruz Islands lie approximately 250 miles (220 nmi; 400 km) to the southeast of the Solomon Islands archipelago, just north of the archipelago of Vanuatu and are considered part of the Vanuatu rain forests ecoregion. The term Santa Cruz…
In the Southern Ocean, a chain of islands forming part of the Scotia Arc. Volcanic islands, with some active volcanoes. Extreme weather conditions, including high winds and unpredictable storms. No permanent human settlements. South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands Maritime…
Spain, a country on Europe’s Iberian Peninsula, includes 17 autonomous regions with diverse geography and cultures. Capital city Madrid is home to the Royal Palace and Prado museum, housing works by European masters. Segovia has a medieval castle (the Alcázar)…
The Kuril Islands consist of the Greater Kuril Chain and, at the southwest end, the parallel Lesser Kuril Chain. The group termed the ‘South Kurils’ consists of those of the Lesser Kuril Chain together with Kunashir and Iturup in the…
Vanuatu was first inhabited by Melanesian people. The first Europeans to visit the islands were a Spanish expedition led by Portuguese navigator Fernandes de Queirós, who arrived on the largest island, Espíritu Santo, in 1606. Queirós claimed the archipelago for…
Halmahera, formerly known as Jilolo, Gilolo, or Jailolo, is the largest island in the Maluku Islands. It is part of the North Maluku province of Indonesia, and Sofifi, the capital of the province, is located on the west coast of…
Pakistan is the 33rd-largest country by area. Bounded by the Arabian Sea on the south, the Gulf of Oman on the southwest, and the Sir Creek on the southeast, it shares land borders with India to the east; Afghanistan to…
Culturally, the Ryukyuans have been subjected to both Japanese and Chinese influence. Nonetheless, they developed indigenous musical forms and, on Okinawa, a local textile craft. In ancient times the islands formed an independent kingdom. Chinese and Japanese sovereignty were successively…